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Rajeshwari, S. K.
- Notes on Diagnosis and Biology of Aenasius bambawalei Hayat (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a Parasitoid of the Invasive Mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Pseudococcidae)
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PDF Views:130
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Post Bag No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN
1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Post Bag No. 2491, H.A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 23, No 4 (2009), Pagination: 463-466Abstract
Aenasius bambawalei Hayat (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), is a specific, solitary endoparasitoid ofPhenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, a major invasive pest on cotton in all the cotton growing states in India. This paper provides a short diagnostic description of A. bambawalei with illustrations to facilitate easy identification and notes on the biology of A. bambawalei on P. solenopsis in the laboratory. The mean duration of development of A. bambawalei from egg laying to pupation was 8.85±0.21 days and pupation to adult emergence took 7.35±0.15 days in males and 7.00±0.16 in females. The mean total duration of development of A. bambawalei from egg laying to adult emergence was 16.10±0.25 days (range 14-18 days). The adults survived for 2-4 days on water, but the mean longevity was considerably enhanced on 50% honey (70.95±2.30 days in females and 49.00±2.35 days in males). Unmated females produced 100% male progeny. Four hyperparasitoids of A. bambawalei were recorded on field collected samples namely, Prochiloneurus pulchellus Silvestri, P. albifuniculus (Hayat et al.), and P. aegyptiacus (Mercet) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Promuscidea unfasciativentris Girault (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae).Keywords
Aenasius bambawalei, Phenacoccus solenopsis, Diagnosis, Biology, Hyperparasitoids.References
- Bertschy, C., Turlings, T. C. J., Bellotti, A. and Dorn, S.2000. Host stage preference and sex allocationin Aenasius vexans, an encyrtid parasitoid of thecassava mealybug. Entomologia Experimentalis etApplicata, 95: 283–291.
- Hayat, M. 2009. Description of a new species of AenasiusWalker (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), parasitoidof the mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsisTinsley (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) in India.Biosystematica, 3: 21–26.
- Hodgson, C., Abbas, G., Arif, M. J., Saeed, S., andKarar, H. 2008. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley(Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae),an invasive mealybug damaging cotton inPakistan and India, with a discussion onseasonal morphological variation. Zootaxa,1913: 1–35.
- Nagrare, V. S., Kranthi, S., Biradar, V. K., Zade, N. N.,Sangode, V., Kakde, G., Shukla, R. M., Shivare,D., Khadi, B. M. and Kranthi, K. R. 2009.Widespread infestation of the exotic mealybugspecies, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Tinsley)(Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), on cotton in India.Bulletin of Entomological Research, Publishedonline by Cambridge University Press 19 Feb2009 doi:10.1017/S0007485308006573.
- NCIPM, 2008. Record of new parasitoids onmealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis. NCIPMNewsletter, 14: 2.
- Tanwar, R. K., Bhamare, V. K., Ramamurthy, V. V., Hayat,M., Jeyakumar, P., Singh, A. and Bambawale,O. M. 2008. Record of new parasitoids onmealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis. IndianJournal of Entomology, 70: 404–405.
- Field Release and Impact of Cecidochares connexa (Macquart) (Diptera:Tephritidae) on Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson
Abstract Views :202 |
PDF Views:114
Authors
Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560 024, Karnataka, IN
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560 024, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 21, No 1 (2007), Pagination: 59-64Abstract
Field release of the gall fly, Cecidochares connexa (Macquart) (Diptera: Tephritidae) introduced from Indonesia into India in 2002 was made on naturally growing C. odorata (L.) King and Robinson at two locations in Bangalore during July-October, 2005 using different field release methods. Following establishment, the gall fly was observed lo spread to a distance of one kilometer at GKVK and two kilometer at Tataguni village in northeastern direction by the end of second year after release. The gall numbers encountered by an individual in ten minutes, search steadily increased from 2.5 to 98.3 at GKVK and from 1.6 to 156 at Tataguni village. There was 11.61 and 16.72 per cent reduction in plant height. 30 and 60 days after oviposition in galled plants over control. There was significant reduction in number of branches per plant (35.62%), number of panicles per plant (45.43%), number of capitula per panicle (12.07%) and number of seeds per head (10.89%) in galled plants over control in individual oviposition method. In mass cage method, 40.84, 36.48 and 55.42 per cent reduction in plant height, 30, 60 and 120 days after oviposition in galled plants over control was recorded. There was significant reduction in number of branches per plant (65.56%), number of panicles per plant (48.44%) and number of capitula per panicle (58.98%) in galled plants over control.Keywords
Cecidochares connexa, Chromolaena odorata, Establishment, Field Release, Impact.- Host-Specificity and Biology of Cecidochares connexa (Macquart) (Diptera:Tephritidae) Introduced into India for the Biological Suppression of Chromolaena odorata (Linnaeus) King&Robinson
Abstract Views :237 |
PDF Views:126
Authors
Affiliations
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control (ICAR), Post Bag no. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN
1 Project Directorate of Biological Control (ICAR), Post Bag no. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 18, No 2 (2004), Pagination: 111-120Abstract
Chromolaena odorata (Linnaeus) King and Robinson is a native or tropical America and has become a serious invasive weed in the wet/dry tropics of Western India. Cecidochares connexa (Macquart) (Diptera:Tephritidae) was introduced from Indonesia into India in 2002 for the biological suppression or the weed. A pure culture of the tephritid was established on C. odorata and the biology studied. Eggs were laid inside unopened new leaf buds. The egg incubation period was 5.65±0.67 days. The gall was visible 15 days after oviposition and in 43.95±4.7 days, formation of windows could be seen indicating complete larval development. One to eight larvae were found in each gall. The total developmental period from egg to adult was 64.85±5.12 days. The adults emerged through the windows and peak emergence (70.4%) was at 1000 hours. Adults were active from 0800 to 1400 hours and mated on the day of emergence. Each female on an average laid 81.12±34.03 eggs and the oviposition period varied from 7 to 12 days. Host'specificity tests carried out under quarantine conditions on 7S host plant species belonging to 29 families revealed that the gall fly is capable of feeding and reproducing only on C. odorata.Keywords
Biology, Cecidochares collnexa, Chromolaena odorata, Host-Specificity Tests.- First Record of Family Xenasteiidae (Diptera:Brachycera:Cyclorrhapha) from India in Association with Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera:Aleyrodidae) with Cautionary Notes on Associated Parasitoids
Abstract Views :299 |
PDF Views:156
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bengaluru – 560 024, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, GB
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Post Bag No. 2491, H. A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bengaluru – 560 024, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, GB
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 31, No 3 (2017), Pagination: 128-134Abstract
First ever record of family Xenasteiidae (Diptera: Brachycera: Cyclorrhapha) from mainland India is provided. Most of the previous records of this family are from coastal sites, as they have usually been found on islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. For the first time biology and life stages of Xenasteia are illustrated. Xenasteia members were found associated with an exotic rugose spiraling whitefly (RSW) colony of Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in the coastal areas of Karnataka in southern India, however no direct obligate association could be diagnosed. Also for the first time Anagyrus sp. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was recorded from the genus Xenasteia as its solitary parasitoid. Worldwide, this is the first ever report of parasitism associated with any member of this little-known family Xenasteiidae.Keywords
India, New Record, Xenasteiidae.References
- Hardy DE. 1980. Xenasteiidae, a new family of Schizophora (Diptera) from the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Proc Hawaii Entomol Soc. 23: 205−225.
- Papp L. 1998. Family Xenasteiidae. In: Papp L, Darvas B (Eds.). Contributions to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera. Volume 3: Higher Brachycera. Budapest, Science Herald, 305−308 pp. ISBN 978-963-048836-5.
- Poorani J, Thanigairaj R. 2017. First report of Encarsia dispersa Polaszek (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) as a parasitoid of rugose spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a recent invasive pest in India, with notes on its predators. J Biol Control 31(1): 1–4. Crossref.
- Selvaraj K, Sundararaj R, Venkatesan T, Ballal C R, Jalali SK, Gupta A, Mridula HK. 2017. Potential natural enemies of the invasive rugose spiraling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin in India. J Biol Control 30 (4): 236–239.Crossref.
- Selvaraj K, Gupta A, Venkatesan T, Jalali SK, Sundararaj R, Ballal CR. 2017. First record of invasive rugose spiraling whitefly Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) along with parasitoids in Karnataka. J Biol Control 31(2): 74–78. Crossref.
- Sundararaj R, Selvaraj K. 2017. Invasion of rugose spiraling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae): a potential threat to coconut in India. Phytoparasitica 45:71– 74. Crossref.